As I understand it NY has a law that makes the submission of

the fraudulent documents ground for the AG's actions. Whether the lender suffered a loss is not required. Given the fact NYC is the financial capital of the US / World I can certainly understand the legislature taking a hard line view and passing a bill like this.

Of course there is the secondary harm to competitors. If Trump Org is bidding on a project based upon their inflated financials that gives them a competitive advantage with the lower interest rate allowing Trump to bid higher and still get a return on his money.